Effective column length - tier buildings

Commercial success stories. [Case studies: high-rise and cost-effective commercial schemes, UK]

Designing for access to facililate cost effective operation and maintenance of steel bridges

Weld effective lengths for round HSS cross-connections under branch axial load

Numerical investigation of the design of single-span steel portal frames using the effective length

Investigation of weld effective length rules for CHS X-connections

Effective vibration dampers for masts, towers and chimneys

Effectiveness of fatigue retrofits to transverse beam and sway bracing connections in steel bridges

Effective shear plane model for tearout and block shear failure of bolted connections

Effective length factors of gin poles